CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDYLeadership is a fascinating concept in which philosophers, historians, psychologists, sociologists, politicians, and all kinds of executives, have shown much interest. It is considered as one of the key functions of management and, as such, has been a subject of considerable research. According to Igboeli, (1990:151), leadership may be defined as a process by which people are directed, guided and influenced in achieving group goals. A leader is a person who is central in a group goals interaction. According to Ile, (1999, 208), a leaders is one who influences his or her followers or group to achieve an objective in a given situation. The followers may be his or her superiors or peers as well as the subordinates of the leader. It is the willingness of people to follow that makes a person a leader. Moreover, people tend to follow those whom they perceive as providing a means of achieving their own desires, wants and needs.
By the nature of their position, managers are placed in a leadership position in organizations to influence the behaviour of the formal work group. Their effectiveness can be measured by the accomplishment of the group vis-Ã -vis the organizational goals and objectives. Leadership consists of two types – formal and informal. Formal leaders are appointed to their leadership positions while informal leaders are selected by the group. Each type of leader relies on a different source of authority to influence members. A manager, who relies exclusively on his formal authority to influence group members, falls into the formal leadership category.
According to Ile, (1999:217) there are some important implications in the concept of leadership, for instance, leadership involves others. In other words, leadership involves followers. The followers may be superiors, or peers, as well as the subordinates by their willingness to follow, accept directions from the leader, group members help define the leader’s status and make the leadership process possible. Thus, leadership demands followership. Leadership involves unequal distribution of power between leaders and group members. This is implied that group members are not powerless; they can and do shape group activities in a number of ways. Leadership involves ability to use difference forms of power to influence followers’ behaviours in a number of ways. According to Appleby, (1981:117) leadership also involves the acceptance of responsibility for the achievement of the group objectives. Because of this, it is therefore, essential for trust and cooperation from both sides to be in evidence all the time.
Therefore, without leadership, an organization is but a muddle of men and machines. In other words, without leadership, an organization would be comprised of uncoordinated groups of people lacking unity and direction.
| Project details | Contents |
|---|---|
| Number of Pages | 76 pages |
| Chapter one | Introduction |
| Chapter two | Literature review |
| Chapter three | methodology |
| Chapter four | Data analysis |
| Chapter five | Summary,discussion & recommendations |
| Reference | Reference |
| Questionnaire | Questionnaire |
| Appendix | Appendix |
| Chapter summary | 1 to 5 chapters |
| Available document | PDF and MS-word format |
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