INTRODUCTION
1.0 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDYLivestock farming is the science of the practice of rearing animals. The individuals that indulge in animal farming are called livestock farmers. A livestock farmer needs to know how to rear his or her animals and birds and he or she is involved in animal husbandry and how to tend his or her livestock. Many firms consist of several different sections, each devoted to the production of one kind of livestock or the other. These sections of the livestock firm are known as enterprises (Upton and Anthonio, 2005).
Every livestock farmer must face the management problems of deciding which enterprise to have, how much to produce in each enterprise and what methods to use. In the past, advisory work among livestock farmers has been almost entirely concentrated upon the technical problems of producing different types of livestock. Now, it is realized that improvement in the livestock farming needs technical knowledge should go hand in hand with the development of the managerial ability. Livestock Farm Management is now an important part of the study of agriculture.
Nigeria as a nation got her independence in 1960. Animal husbandry and agronomy making up agriculture were the mainstay of the economy. Between 1952 and 1953 before independence, agriculture’s contribution to the Gross Domestic Product of Nigeria was 66.2%, industry 10.5%, services 18.90% and government 4.5%. In 1960, agricultural contribution to the Gross Domestic Product went up by about 3% (International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (I.B.R.D, 1960).
In 1951, the First Exploration Well was drilled by Shell D’Arcy in Ihuo. In January 1956, the first successful crude oil well was drilled by Shell D’Arcy. In February 1958, the First shipment of crude oil was made from Nigeria. In April, 1973, The Federal Government of Nigeria made the first participation agreement and acquired 50% participation in Shell-B.P. leases and in the 1970s, there was a decline in the contribution of agriculture to the Gross National Product of Nigeria. The economy has since been dependent on crude oil and gas (Shell Petroleum Development of Nigeria Limited (S.P.D.C., 2002).
However, Meadley (1978) is of the view that livestock farming and agriculture in general will remain the economic base of nearly all the countries that constitute West African Farming. West African livestock farming will remain the source of livelihood for the majority of the population. Even Nigeria with its vast oil wealth must expand its livestock agricultural production just to feed its rapidly growing population and to meet the protein need of the people (Meadley, 1978) which is now put at N140 million.
The importance of livestock agriculture is widely recognized. Vast sums of money are being invested in livestock agriculture; much comes from the development agencies as grants and loans. There is a small amount of commercial investment and substantial credit to suppliers. The central banks of West African countries have agricultural finance departments. The countries have agricultural development banks. The commercial banks also grant credit to agriculture. However, this investment is not reflected in a market increase in livestock agricultural production.
It is only recently that the growing awareness of the role of livestock agriculture in the economic development of Nigeria has prompted various governments in the country to intensify efforts aimed at transforming livestock agriculture from its present subsistence level to a market-oriented production. There has been a number of policies, measures and programmes within the last two decades which involve the reconstruction or reformation of the whole structure of the livestock agricultural sector by the creation of appropriate institutions and public services designed to strengthen the economic position of the independent farmer.
| Project details | Contents |
|---|---|
| Number of Pages | 132 pages |
| Chapter one | Introduction |
| Chapter two | Literature review |
| Chapter three | methodology |
| Chapter four | Data analysis |
| Chapter five | Summary,discussion & recommendations |
| Reference | Reference |
| Questionnaire | Questionnaire |
| Appendix | Appendix |
| Chapter summary | 1 to 5 chapters |
| Available document | PDF and MS-word format |
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