Abstract
This study investigated the Patterns of and Perceived Empowerment Strategies against Trafficking in Persons (TIPs) in Akwa Ibom State. Six objectives, six research questions and eight hypotheses guided the study. The descriptive survey design was employed in the study. Three population groups, consisting of 10,094 victims of TIPs, and 844 community leader and social workers were used. A sample of 1844 respondents (1000 victims of TIPs, and 844 community leaders and social workers) were drawn using systematic sampling technique. Three instruments (Proforma for Recording the Patterns of Trafficking in Persons–PRPTIPs, Perceived Empowerment Strategies Questionnaire-PESQ, and Key Informant interview Guide-KIIG) were used for data collection. Five specialists validated the instruments. The PESQ was subjected to reliability test using Split-half approach and reliability coefficient of .89 was obtained. Data from 1000 victims of TIPs and 844 social workers and community leaders were collected using PRPTIPs and PESQ respectively. Qualitative data were collected through KIIG. Percentages were used for analysis of descriptive data, while the eight hypotheses were tested using Chi-square at .05 alpha level. Findings showed that majority of TIPs victims were aged 11-20 years, and were mostly females. They had secondary school education. Majority of victims were of the 8th and above birth order. Majority of their parents had primary education, with main occupation as trading, fishing and farming. The victims were mostly from polygamous family, residing mainly in rural area. They were mostly Christians. The victims were of single than married persons. TIPs occurred more in dry season. Ceremonies and holidays mostly attracted TIPs. TIPs occurs mostly on Monday, Saturday and Friday, and in the months of December, October and January. TIPs occurred mostly in fourth and first quarters of the year. Victims of TIPs in Akwa Ibom State were mostly from Eket senatorial district. Hot climate attracted TIPs more than rainy condition. Victims were mostly led through swampy area than the rainforest area. Commercial locations like markets and hotels attracted TIPs. The factors sustaining TIPs were lifestyles of Nigerians returning from aboard, unequal job opportunities, porosity of border, greed, peer influence, large family size, huge financial gain by traffickers, girl child discrimination, low level of education, desire to migrate to foreign land, weak enforcement of TIP laws, loss of ethical values, high demand for commercial sex workers, ignorance and high poverty level. Government legislations were effective in mitigating TIPs. Empowerment strategies for combating TIPs were free and compulsory education, food security, free medical services, and provision of employment opportunities, and interest free loans to farmers, traders and technicians, and establishment of vocational training centre for apprenticeship. TIPs were independent of geographical location, level of education of victims’ parents, social conditions and seasons. Gender and holidays significantly influenced TIPs. The government was urged to legislate against factors sustaining TIPs.
| Project details | Contents |
|---|---|
| Number of Pages | 125 pages |
| Chapter one | Introduction |
| Chapter two | Literature review |
| Chapter three | methodology |
| Chapter four | Data analysis |
| Chapter five | Summary,discussion & recommendations |
| Reference | Reference |
| Questionnaire | Questionnaire |
| Appendix | Appendix |
| Chapter summary | 1 to 5 chapters |
| Available document | PDF and MS-word format |
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